This glossary is from Learning Ransomware Response & Recovery by W. Curtis Preston and Dr. Mike Saylor. Browse all letters of the glossary or get the book.
Object Lock (AWS S3) – Amazon S3 feature that prevents objects from being deleted or modified for a specified retention period.
Object Storage – Storage architecture that manages data as objects rather than files or blocks, typically used in cloud environments.
Obfuscation – Technique of making code or data difficult to understand to evade detection or analysis.
OFAC (Office of Foreign Assets Control) – U.S. Treasury department that designates sanctioned entities; paying ransoms to sanctioned groups can result in $20M fines or criminal charges.
OFSI (Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation) – UK equivalent of OFAC; can impose penalties up to £1 million per breach and 7 years imprisonment.
Okta – Cloud-based identity and access management platform.
.onion – Special domain suffix for websites on the Tor network, used for ransomware payment portals and leak sites.
Operational Metrics – Measurements of backup system performance, success rates, and operational efficiency.
Over-provisioning (SSD) – Extra storage space in solid-state drives used for performance and wear leveling, inaccessible to the OS and potential malware hiding place.